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Complement fixation by Rh blood group antibodies.

C Hidalgo, E L Romano, J Linares

    Transfusion
    |May 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Rh antibodies typically do not activate complement. However, this study found that papain treatment of Rh red blood cell ghosts enables complement fixation with specific Rh antibodies, suggesting antigen site aggregation.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Rh blood group antibodies usually do not fix complement.
    • Intact Rh-positive red blood cells treated with papain do not lyse with antibody and complement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate complement fixation by Rh antibodies using Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts.
    • To determine the effect of papain treatment on Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts in complement fixation.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts (untreated and papain-treated) with specific Rh antibodies (IgG anti-D, anti-DC, anti-c) and complement.
    • Observation of complement fixation and lysis.

    Main Results:

    • Complement fixation was observed with IgG anti-D, anti-DC, and anti-c when using papain-treated Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts.

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  • Minimal or no complement fixation occurred with untreated Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts.

    • Conclusions:

    • Papain treatment of Rh-positive red blood cell ghosts facilitates complement binding by Rh antibodies.
    • Antigen site aggregation induced by papain treatment may be responsible for enhanced complement fixation.