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The plastid in Apicomplexa: what use is it?

M T Gleeson1

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill NSW 2065, Sydney, Australia. michelle.t.gleeson@uts.edu.au

International Journal for Parasitology
|September 21, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Apicomplexan parasites possess a remnant plastid genome within a unique organelle. This review explores its evolution, function, and potential for developing new treatments and understanding parasite relationships.

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Apicomplexan parasites harbor a 27–35 kb extrachromosomal genome.
  • Sequence analysis reveals this genome is a non-photosynthetic, remnant plastid genome.
  • The organelle containing this genome, located anterior to the nucleus, lacks attributed function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical understanding of the apicomplexan plastid.
  • To discuss current research on the apicomplexan plastid's function.
  • To explore the plastid's potential as a drug target and phylogenetic marker.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and sequence data analysis.
  • Examination of localization studies.
  • Synthesis of ultrastructural and functional research findings.

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Main Results:

  • The apicomplexan extrachromosomal genome originates from a non-photosynthetic plastid.
  • This remnant plastid resides in a distinct organelle within the parasite.
  • Current research is elucidating the organelle's specific roles in parasite biology.

Conclusions:

  • The apicomplexan plastid, despite lacking photosynthetic genes, plays a crucial role in parasite survival.
  • Targeting this organelle offers a promising avenue for novel antiparasitic drug development.
  • The plastid genome can serve as a valuable tool for phylogenetic analysis within Apicomplexa.