Cytotoxicity of prodigiosin and benznidazole on V79 cells

The cytotoxicity of prodigiosin, an antibiotic and potential trypanocide produced by Serratia marcescens, and Benznidazole, a trypanocidal drug, were assayed on V79 fibroblast cell line. Three independent endpoints for cytotoxicity were evaluated; namely, the nucleic acid content (NAC), MTT reduction and neutral red uptake (NRU). IC(50) values of 1-20 microM were obtained for prodigiosin in the NRU, MTT and NAC tests. Prodigiosin had greater trypanocidal activity (IC(50)=5 microM) than Nifurtimox (IC(50)=150 microM) a known trypanocide drug used in Chagas' disease therapy. Benznidazole was less toxic (IC(50)=2000 microM) than prodigiosin (IC(50)=1-20 microM) in V79 cells based on the MTT and NAC assays. Benznidazole stimulated the NRU until 2 mM. Indeed, the cell viability measured with the NRU was higher at all concentrations of benznidazole tested than that measured by MTT reduction and NAC assays.