Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Human Medicine
• Emergency Medical Services

Background:

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical life-saving technique utilized across both human and veterinary medical fields.
• While advancements in CPR are ongoing, foundational elements like intubation, ventilation, chest compressions, and essential drug administration remain central to its practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the established techniques and pharmacological agents employed in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• To specifically detail the methods and drugs utilized in both closed-chest and open-chest CPR procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of established protocols and literature concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Focus on techniques including intubation, ventilation, and chest compressions.
• Analysis of commonly administered drugs in emergency cardiovascular care.

Main Results:

• The core components of CPR, including airway management, ventilation, and compressions, are consistently applied.
• A range of pharmacological interventions are integral to improving CPR outcomes.
• Both closed-chest and open-chest approaches offer distinct procedural advantages and indications.

Conclusions:

• Understanding and applying standard CPR techniques and drug therapies are crucial for effective emergency care in both humans and animals.
• This review synthesizes key information on CPR methodologies, supporting practitioners in critical care scenarios.