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Glycopeptide resistance in enterococci.

S Méndez-Alvarez1, X Pérez-Hernández, F Claverie-Martín

  • 1Molecular Biology Laboratory, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.

International Microbiology : the Official Journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology
|December 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Antibiotic resistance is a growing threat, particularly with glycopeptide-resistant enterococci. Understanding resistance genetics and using molecular diagnostics are crucial for combating these dangerous infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Extensive antibiotic use over 50 years has driven bacterial resistance and gene dissemination.
  • Emergence of resistance to glycopeptides in enterococci poses a significant threat for treating nosocomial infections.
  • Enterococci, common human commensals, cause frequent hospital-acquired urinary tract infections and bacteremia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the increasing understanding of the genetics and biochemistry of glycopeptide resistance in enterococci.
  • To highlight the role of molecular methods in diagnosing and understanding the epidemiology of resistant enterococcal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on antibiotic resistance, glycopeptide resistance, and enterococcal infections.

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  • Analysis of advancements in molecular diagnostic techniques for identifying resistant strains.
  • Examination of epidemiological data concerning enterococcal infections and resistance patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant increase in knowledge regarding the genetic and biochemical underpinnings of glycopeptide resistance.
    • Molecular methods have enhanced the diagnosis and epidemiological insights into glycopeptide-resistant enterococci.
    • Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are primary pathogens, with resistance posing a critical challenge.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial resistance, especially to last-resort antibiotics like glycopeptides, presents a serious global health risk.
    • Continued research into resistance mechanisms and improved diagnostic tools are essential for effective treatment and control.
    • Understanding the epidemiology of resistant enterococci is vital for managing hospital-acquired infections.