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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the nose and paranasal sinuses
R Simo1, A J Sykes, S P Hargreaves
1University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham High Street, London SE13 6LR, United Kingdom.
Background:
Renal cell carcinoma represents 3% of all malignant tumors. Metastatic deposits of renal cell carcinoma to the head and neck region are infrequent. The objective of this work is to analyze the clinical presentation, radiologic features, surgical and radiotherapy treatment, and outcome of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the nose and sinuses.
Methods:
Retrospective review of 6 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma who had nasal metastasis develop and were seen at the Christie Hospital in Manchester over the past 8 years.
Results:
Six patients with renal cell carcinoma were seen with recurrent epistaxis, nasal obstruction, and unpleasant nasal crusting. Three patients had orbital involvement. Examination under general anaesthesia and biopsy was performed in all 6 cases. Histologic studies confirmed metastases of renal cell carcinoma in all 6 patients. All patients underwent local external beam radiotherapy. The most common dose used was 35 Gy in 8 daily fractions. All patients had symptomatic control of local nasal disease with a minimum follow-up of 2 years in 4 patients. Two patients died within 6 months of the radiotherapy treatment as a result of their primary tumor.
Conclusions:
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the nose and paranasal sinuses is rare but has unpleasant symptoms. Local symptomatic control with radiotherapy is excellent.
Insights
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the nose and sinuses causes severe symptoms. Radiotherapy effectively controls these nasal symptoms, offering significant relief for patients with this rare cancer spread.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Radiotherapy
Background:
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of all malignancies.
- Metastases of RCC to the head and neck are uncommon.
- This study focuses on RCC metastasis to the nose and sinuses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical presentation of nasal and sinus metastases from RCC.
- To evaluate radiologic features, treatment, and outcomes.
- To understand the management of this rare metastatic pattern.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 6 patients with RCC and nasal metastasis.
- Data collected over 8 years at Christie Hospital, Manchester.
- Inclusion of clinical, radiological, and treatment data.
Main Results:
- Patients presented with epistaxis, nasal obstruction, and crusting.
- Three patients had orbital involvement.
- Histology confirmed RCC metastases; radiotherapy achieved symptomatic control.
Conclusions:
- Metastatic RCC to the nose and paranasal sinuses is rare but causes significant symptoms.
- Local radiotherapy provides excellent symptomatic control for these metastases.