Hydrogen peroxide decelerates recovery of action potential after high-frequency fatigue in skeletal muscle

Effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), on recovery of action potential by resting for 30 min after high-frequency fatigue were studied using frog skeletal muscle fibers. After stimulation at a frequency of 50 HZ for 2 min, the action potential amplitude was decreased by 14.5 mV from controls, and resting membrane was depolarized by 15.4 mV. Action potential duration was also prolonged by high-frequency stimulation (1.5 ms in controls to 2.6 ms). The high-frequency stimulation used here caused no muscle damage. The action potential was partially improved after a 30-min rest. Addition of catalase at 500 units/ml or H(2)O(2) at 0.5 mM to sartorius muscle did not alter any of the parameters of the action potential after high-frequency stimulation. Treatment with catalase accelerated post-fatigue recovery of the action potential. Application of H(2)O(2) delayed post-fatigue recovery of resting and action potentials. When added to detubulated toe muscle fibers, catalase no longer improved the attenuation of action potential induced by high-frequency stimulation, even after a 30-min rest. These findings suggest that removal of H(2)O(2) from transverse tubules is effective for post-fatigue recovery of action potential in skeletal muscle.