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Patterns of parapatric speciation.

S Gavrilets1, H Li, M D Vose

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-1610, USA. sergey@tiem.utk.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|September 27, 2000
PubMed
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Speciation can occur rapidly, even with gene flow, driven by factors like mutation and habitat structure. Peripheral populations are key for speciation under certain conditions, challenging traditional views.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics
  • Speciation Research

Background:

  • Geographic variation can lead to reproductive isolation and speciation, even with ongoing migration between subpopulations.
  • Understanding the factors influencing the timing and location of the first split in a population is crucial for evolutionary studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how evolutionary factors (mutation, migration, genetic drift, genetic architecture, habitat structure) influence the waiting time and location of population splits.
  • To determine the plausibility of rapid speciation (parapatric speciation) in models with gene flow and without divergent selection.

Main Methods:

  • Large-scale, individual-based simulations were employed.
  • A classical model of reproductive isolation as a by-product of genetic divergence was used.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The study explored the impact of varying mutation rates, local densities, dispersal abilities, and genetic changes required for isolation.

    • Main Results:

    • Rapid parapatric speciation is plausible within a few hundred to a few thousand generations, even with significant migration between subpopulations.
    • Divergent selection for local adaptation is not a prerequisite for rapid speciation.
    • Species with smaller ranges, lower local densities, and reduced dispersal exhibit higher speciation rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Speciation can occur rapidly as a byproduct of genetic divergence, even under substantial gene flow.
    • The location of speciation events (central vs. peripheral populations) is contingent on mutation rates, local population densities, and the genetic basis of reproductive isolation.