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Related Experiment Videos

Cortical potentials associated with voluntary mandibular movements.

K Yoshida1, R Kaji, T Hamano

  • 1Department of Neurology, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. kyoshida@kcat.zaq.ne.jp

Journal of Dental Research
|September 27, 2000
PubMed
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Movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) reveal insights into brain control of jaw movements. Different mandibular actions, like opening or lateral motions, show distinct patterns in these brain signals.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) are scalp electrical signals preceding voluntary actions.
  • Understanding the cortical control of mandibular movements is crucial for neurological and dental research.
  • MRCPs offer a potential non-invasive method to study the efferent cortical function in jaw movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the motor control mechanisms of various mandibular movements.
  • To compare MRCPs associated with different directions of jaw motion.
  • To explore the application of MRCPs in elucidating cortical efferent function for mandibular actions.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded from 11 scalp electrodes (International 10-20 System).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Electromyograms (EMGs) were captured from masseter and digastric muscles.
  • MRCPs were averaged using EMG onset as a trigger for 4 types of self-paced mandibular movements in 10 healthy subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • A widespread, bilateral negativity (Bereitschaftspotential, BP) preceded all movements, starting 1.5-2.0 seconds before EMG onset.
    • A negative slope (NS') was observed 300-700 ms before EMG onset.
    • Cortical maps showed symmetrical BP/NS' distribution for mouth opening/closing, and ipsilateral predominance for lateral movements.

    Conclusions:

    • MRCPs, including BP and NS', are consistently observed prior to voluntary mandibular movements.
    • The distribution of MRCPs differs between vertical (opening/closing) and lateral jaw movements.
    • MRCP analysis provides a valuable tool for exploring the cerebral cortex's role in controlling complex mandibular actions.