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Related Experiment Videos

Adipogenesis in thyroid eye disease.

M Crisp1, K J Starkey, C Lane

  • 1Endocrine Section, Department of Medicine, and the. Department of Ophthalmology University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|September 28, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Thyroid eye disease (TED) involves orbital fat adipogenesis. Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) protein is expressed in orbital fat and functional, potentially increasing orbital volume during adipocyte differentiation in TED.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Adipogenesis contributes to thyroid eye disease (TED) pathogenesis.
  • Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) transcripts are found in orbital fat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if TSHR transcripts in orbital fat are expressed as functional protein.
  • To investigate if TSHR expression is specific to TED orbits or adipocyte differentiation stages.

Main Methods:

  • Immunocytochemistry on frozen orbital and nonorbital fat sections.
  • In vitro culture of preadipocytes from orbital and nonorbital fat.
  • Assessment of TSHR expression, adipocyte differentiation, and TSH-induced cAMP production.

Main Results:

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  • TSHR protein expression was detected in both TED and normal orbital fat.
  • The majority of differentiating adipocytes (50-70%) expressed TSHR.
  • TSH stimulation increased cAMP levels in differentiating cells from TED and normal orbits.

Conclusions:

  • Orbital fat TSHR transcripts are expressed as functional protein, not exclusive to TED.
  • TSHR expression on differentiating adipocytes suggests a role in increasing orbital volume in TED.
  • TSHR may be upregulated in TED, contributing to disease pathogenesis.