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Acoustic optic hybrid (AOH) sensor

Matthews1, Arrieta

  • 1Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division, Panama City, Florida 32407-7001, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|September 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Laser vibrometers can detect underwater sonar echoes via surface acoustic waves. This technology offers safer, more fuel-efficient underwater acoustic sensing for applications like synthetic aperture sonar.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Optics
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Underwater acoustic sensing traditionally relies on hydrophones.
  • Laser vibrometers offer a non-contact method for detecting surface vibrations.
  • Previous research has explored optical methods for underwater detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and evaluate the capability of laser vibrometers to detect acoustic echoes from submerged targets.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using laser vibrometers for underwater acoustic sensing.
  • To quantify the effects of surface waves on echo retrieval and develop a 3D imaging system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a laser vibrometer to collect sonar echoes from the water surface.
  • Conducting experiments to quantify the impact of capillary and gravity waves on echo retrieval.
  • Implementing data acquisition and beamforming techniques for 3D image reconstruction.
  • Developing a three-dimensional, acoustic-optic, synthetic aperture sonar (SAS).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated feasibility of sensing underwater sound using laser vibrometers.
  • Achieved signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) from 6 to 46 dB for acoustic excitation levels of 168 to 195 dB re: 1 microPa.
  • Quantified the destructive effects of surface waves on echo retrieval.
  • Successfully acquired echoes and generated 3D images of a submerged target.

Conclusions:

  • Laser vibrometers are effective for detecting underwater sonar echoes.
  • Surface wave mitigation is crucial for optimal performance.
  • The developed acoustic-optic SAS system shows promise for enhanced underwater surveillance and mapping.
  • This technique offers potential for increased safety and fuel efficiency in airborne towed sonar systems.

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