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Race and ethnic variation in the disablement process.

B A Zsembik1, M K Peek, C W Peek

  • 1Department of Sociology, University of Florida, USA. zsembik@soc.ufl.edu

Journal of Aging and Health
|September 30, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Ethnoracial disparities in disability transition exist. Predisposing factors, cognitive, and physical limitations significantly influence these differences, particularly for African Americans and Mexican Americans.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology of Health and Illness
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Understanding ethnoracial disparities in disability is crucial for equitable health outcomes.
  • The disablement process is complex and influenced by multiple factors.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific pathways contributing to ethnoracial differences in disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine ethnoracial group differences in the transition from health to disability.
  • To identify the relative influence of different stages of the disablement process on these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the AHEAD study.
  • Examination of the disablement process stages.
  • Comparison of disability transitions across ethnoracial groups.

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Main Results:

  • Predisposing factors explain disability differences between Whites and other Latinos.
  • Excess disability among African Americans is linked to cognitive limitations.
  • Mexican American excess disability is associated with physical limitations.
  • Medical conditions and physical limitations have a greater impact on disability acquisition for African Americans and Mexican Americans.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive status is a critical factor in the disablement process, especially concerning ethnoracial disparities.
  • Findings have implications for healthcare delivery to diverse elderly populations.
  • The study contributes to a more nuanced theoretical understanding of disablement.