[A century in the history of chronic ear surgery]

Although some advocated surgery of the tympanic membrane and stapes as early as early as the end of the nineteenth century, it took a long time for widespread development. Mastoid surgery had just been born and was to be greatly improved over the next century. Preservation of the tympano-ossicular its later reconstruction gradually came into use with the creation of the tympanomeatal flap and the recent development of middle ear surgery, followed by posterior tympanotomy and myringoplasty, thus allowing closed tympanoplasty. Likewise, the ventilation tube, forgotten for more than half a century, has found an important place in the treatment of chronic otitis with a closed ear drum.