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A bacterial mutation blocking P2 phage late gene expression.

M G Sunshine, B Sauer

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |July 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new Escherichia coli mutant, gro109, blocks bacteriophage P2 propagation by inhibiting late gene expression. Overcoming mutants (P2 ogr) restore phage protein synthesis, revealing a diffusible ogr product essential for P2 late gene expression.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular biology
    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriophage genetics

    Background:

    • Bacteriophage P2 is a temperate phage that infects Escherichia coli.
    • Phage propagation involves complex gene expression regulation, including early and late genes.
    • Understanding host-phage interactions is crucial for deciphering viral life cycles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic basis of bacteriophage P2 propagation failure in a specific Escherichia coli mutant.
    • To identify host factors that regulate P2 late gene expression.
    • To characterize mutations in P2 that overcome host-imposed blocks.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of a host mutant (gro109) affecting P2 propagation.
    • Analysis of P2 DNA replication and gene expression (mRNA and protein synthesis) in wild-type and mutant hosts.

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  • Isolation and genetic mapping of P2 mutants (P2 ogr) resistant to the gro109 block.
  • Complementation analysis to determine the nature of the P2 ogr gene product.

    • Main Results:

    • Escherichia coli gro109 mutant blocks P2 propagation by inhibiting late gene expression, despite normal DNA replication.
    • Early P2 mRNA is produced, but late mRNA and protein synthesis are severely reduced in gro109 cells.
    • P2 ogr mutants restore late gene expression and P2 propagation in gro109 cells; the ogr mutation maps to the P2 genome and codes for a diffusible product.

    Conclusions:

    • The gro109 mutation in Escherichia coli interferes with a host factor required for P2 late gene expression.
    • The P2 ogr gene product is essential for overcoming this host-mediated block and is likely involved in regulating P2 late gene expression.
    • This study identifies a novel host-phage interaction critical for bacteriophage P2 lifecycle.