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Repetitive single vortex-loop creation by a vibrating wire in superfluid 3He-B

¹Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|October 4, 2000

Summary

Vibrating wire resonators in superfluid 3He-B exhibit unique velocity-force characteristics. Events linked to vortex-loop creation at wire protuberances suggest new ways to control superfluid vorticity.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Fluids

Background:

Superfluid 3He-B exhibits complex behavior at ultralow temperatures.
Vibrating wire resonators are sensitive probes of superfluid properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the velocity-force characteristics of a vibrating wire resonator in superfluid 3He-B.
To understand the physical mechanisms behind observed features in the resonator's behavior.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a vibrating wire resonator immersed in superfluid 3He-B.
Analyzing the velocity-force characteristics at ultralow temperatures.

Main Results:

Observed spectacular features including plateaus and discontinuities in the velocity-force characteristics.

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Identified two critical velocities associated with energy loss and event decoupling.

Attributed these events to vortex-loop creation at protuberances on the vibrating wire.

Conclusions:

The study reveals novel phenomena in superfluid 3He-B dynamics.
Vortex-loop creation at protuberances is proposed as the underlying mechanism.
This offers potential for controlling vorticity generation via engineered surface features.