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Related Experiment Videos

Assembly and function of type III secretory systems.

G R Cornelis1, F Van Gijsegem

  • 1Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology and Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. cornelis@mipa.ucl.ac.be

Annual Review of Microbiology
|October 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Type III secretion systems are crucial bacterial tools that inject proteins into host cells, impacting both animal and plant pathogens. Understanding these complex systems is key to deciphering host-pathogen interactions and developing new therapeutic strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are essential virulence factors in many Gram-negative bacteria, including important human and plant pathogens.
  • These systems facilitate the direct injection of bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells, subverting cellular functions.
  • T3SS are conserved across diverse bacterial species, suggesting a fundamental role in host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure and function of Type III secretion systems in both animal and plant pathogens.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which T3SS deliver effector proteins into host cells.
  • To explore the role of T3SS in disease development and host defense responses.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of T3SS components and effector proteins across different bacterial species.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Biochemical and genetic studies to investigate protein secretion and translocation.
  • Cellular and molecular assays to examine the effects of T3SS on host cells.

    • Main Results:

    • T3SS comprise a complex secretion apparatus and a repertoire of effector and translocator proteins.
    • Effectors primarily target the host cytoskeleton and signaling pathways, while translocators facilitate effector entry.
    • In plant pathogens, T3SS mediate both disease and the hypersensitive response.

    Conclusions:

    • Type III secretion systems represent a sophisticated trans-kingdom communication mechanism.
    • Despite significant progress, fundamental questions remain regarding the assembly and function of T3SS, particularly in crossing the plant cell wall.
    • Further research into T3SS is crucial for understanding bacterial pathogenesis and developing novel antimicrobial strategies.