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Major depression, double depression and personality disorders.

S Kool1, J Dekker, I J Duijsens

  • 1Leiden University, Amsterdam.

Journal of Personality Disorders
|October 6, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Depressive patients with dysthymia (double depression) show similar overall personality disorder rates but more Cluster A disorders and avoidant traits compared to those without dysthymia. Personality disorders correlate with increased depressive symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Psychology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Personality disorders are more prevalent in patients with depression than in the general population.
  • Limited research exists on personality disorder prevalence in patients with major depression and comorbid dysthymia (double depression).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if depressive patients with dysthymia exhibit higher rates of personality disorders compared to those without dysthymia.
  • To explore differences in personality disorder clusters and symptom severity between depressive patients with and without dysthymia.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 211 outpatients diagnosed with major depression.
  • Utilized the Vragenlijst voor Kenmerken van de Persoonlijkheid (VKP), a Dutch self-report tool based on the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE).

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  • Assessed for the presence of personality disorders and dysthymia.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 60% of major depressive outpatients had one or more personality disorders.
    • Depressive patients with dysthymia showed minimal differences overall but had higher rates of Cluster A personality disorders and avoidant traits.
    • Patients with personality disorders reported significantly more depressive symptoms than those without.

    Conclusions:

    • While overall prevalence is similar, dysthymia is associated with specific personality disorder clusters (Cluster A) and avoidant traits in major depressive patients.
    • The presence of personality disorders, irrespective of dysthymia status, is linked to a greater symptom burden in major depression.
    • No significant interaction was found between dysthymia and personality disorder regarding symptom presentation.