[Mental disorders in men enlisted into military service and in soldiers (clinico-epidemiological study)]

A total clinical epidemiologic survey was performed in one of Moscow regions in 1985-1990. On the first stage 2660 medical records of the individuals unfitted for military service were picked out. 42.8% of them had mental diseases. From 2102 medical records of the soldiers and sailors there were 66 of the discharged from the army. 45.5% of them were dismissed because of mental disease. On the second stage, 30 men dismissed because of mental disease and 299 men called for military service but discharged because of mental disease were examined. The duration of the follow-up was from 2 to 8 years. The most frequent reason both for the discharge from the army and for unfittness because of medical indications were borderline mental diseases (56.6% in the group of the discharged from the army and 40.9% in the group of men called up for military service). Endogenic diseases (schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis) made up only 16.6 and 15.8%, respectively. It was found that personal peculiarities and structure of mental diseases as well as risk factors of microsocial and biological nature were the most important indices for fitness for military service and for rehabilitative-prophylactic work in soldiers during the first 6 months of the service.