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Polysaccharide immunomodulators as therapeutic agents: structural aspects and biologic function.

A O Tzianabos1

  • 1Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. atzianabos@channing.harvard.edu

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|October 12, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Polysaccharide immunomodulators regulate immune responses to infectious diseases. Understanding their structure and function can enhance treatments, especially with rising antibiotic resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Microbiology
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Polysaccharide immunomodulators, discovered over 40 years ago, are increasingly recognized for their role in immune regulation.
  • Limited rigorous studies exist, but recent research is elucidating their mechanisms of action and structure-function relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on specific polysaccharide immunomodulators, focusing on their structural and biological activities.
  • To outline the potential clinical applications of these immunomodulators in infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature focusing on polysaccharide immunomodulators.
  • Analysis of studies detailing molecular structures, mechanisms of action, and interactions with immune cells (T cells, monocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear lymphocytes).

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Main Results:

  • Polysaccharide immunomodulators profoundly affect immune response regulation during infectious diseases.
  • Specific structural features of these polymers dictate their function and interaction with host immune cells, influencing innate and cell-mediated immunity.
  • These compounds can enhance host immune responses and augment current antimicrobial therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Polysaccharide immunomodulators hold significant potential for clinical use in managing infectious diseases.
  • Their ability to modulate immune responses offers a promising strategy to combat infections, particularly in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.