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Immunization pockets of need: science and practice.

J M Santoli1, S Setia, L E Rodewald

  • 1National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. jsantoli@cdc.gov

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|October 12, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Pockets of need, underserved areas with low immunization rates in U.S. preschool children, pose significant health risks. Addressing these requires enhanced public health accountability, new partnerships, and resource redirection for better vaccine delivery infrastructure.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Immunization Programs
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Despite high U.S. preschool immunization rates, "pockets of need" with underimmunization persist.
  • These areas are often poor, crowded, urban settings with limited healthcare resources and significant barriers to access.
  • Underimmunization in these pockets presents both personal and public health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review barriers to preschool child immunization in "pockets of need."
  • To discuss challenges in identifying and intervening within these underserved areas.
  • To inform strategies for improving childhood vaccination coverage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of barriers to immunization in vulnerable populations.
  • Analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) grants program for immunization.

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  • Examination of a three-pronged approach: identification, intervention, and evaluation.

    • Main Results:

    • Federal grants support state and metropolitan immunization programs targeting "pockets of need."
    • Current efforts show progress, but significant work remains to improve coverage.
    • Scientific evidence can guide programmatic efforts at each stage of intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Public health agencies need expanded accountability and new partnerships to address immunization gaps.
    • Strengthening public health oversight may be necessary.
    • Resources must be concentrated to build an effective immunization delivery infrastructure for vulnerable children.