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Malignancy in HIV/AIDs: a single hospital experience
1Department of Surgery, Division of Oncology, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
Journal of Surgical Oncology
|October 12, 2000
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients face a high risk of malignancies, with advanced disease at diagnosis impacting outcomes. Further research is needed on highly active antiretroviral therapy
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The study focuses on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, a population with a significant incidence of malignancies.
- Predominant risk factors identified include intravenous drug abuse and heterosexual exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the types and distribution of tumors in HIV/AIDS patients.
- To evaluate patient outcomes related to malignancies.
- To compare malignancy rates with previously studied groups.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 3,578 HIV/AIDS patients treated between 1993 and 1998.
- Data collected included patient demographics, risk factors, malignancy types, presentation symptoms, CD4 cell counts, pathology, and mortality.
- 245 patients with one or more malignancies were analyzed.
Main Results:
- 21.6% of patients developed non-AIDS-defining (NAD) invasive malignancies, a higher rate than typically reported.
- Mortality was 55.9% for AIDS-defining (AD) malignancies, linked to low CD4 counts and late presentation.
- Kaposi sarcoma was observed in 97 patients, with a notable number of women, potentially due to prevalent transmission routes.
Conclusions:
- AIDS is associated with an elevated risk and diverse spectrum of malignancies.
- Patients with invasive tumors often present with advanced disease.
- Prognosis is poorer for AD tumors compared to NAD tumors.