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Related Experiment Videos

[Adipose tissue and obesity].

H Kather1

  • 1Klinisches Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Medizinischen Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg.

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|October 12, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Basic fibroblast growth factor utilizes both types of component subunits of Gs for dual signaling in human adipocytes. Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase via Galph(s) and inhibition of NADPH oxidase by Gbeta gamma(s).

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Adipose tissue is more than fat storage; it actively secretes signaling molecules regulating energy balance and immune functions. Mature fat cells can also change size and number throughout life.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Context:

  • Adipose tissue, beyond energy storage, functions as an endocrine organ.
  • Adipocytes release hormones, growth factors, and cytokines influencing systemic functions.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of adipose tissue and adipocytes.
  • To explore the regulation of adipocyte number and fate.
  • To highlight the involvement of adipose tissue in metabolic and immune processes.

Summary:

  • Adipocytes secrete signaling molecules (e.g., leptin, TNF-alpha) involved in endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine regulation.
  • Fat cells play roles in energy homeostasis, host defense, reproduction, and pathological states like insulin resistance.
  • Adipose tissue exhibits depot-specific functions, and adipocyte populations are dynamic, with replication, dedifferentiation, and apoptosis occurring throughout life.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is crucial for adipocyte differentiation and size regulation.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding adipose tissue's endocrine function is key to metabolic disease research.
    • Reveals dynamic nature of adipocyte populations, challenging previous notions.
    • Identifies PPAR-gamma as a critical regulator in adipogenesis and fat cell biology.