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Experimental aspergillus endocarditis in rabbits.

J Carrizosa, C Kohn, M E Levison

    The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
    |November 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study investigated Aspergillus endocarditis in rabbits, finding that antifungal treatments including amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine significantly reduced fungal burden in vegetations.

    Area of Science:

    • Mycology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiology

    Background:

    • Aspergillus endocarditis typically affects prosthetic valves, causing emboli and organ damage.
    • Blood cultures are often sterile, and antimicrobial treatment is challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To model Aspergillus endocarditis in rabbits to study its progression.
    • To assess the effectiveness of amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine in treating this condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Rabbits received polyethylene tubing in the left ventricle, followed by inoculation with Aspergillus fumigatus spores.
    • Fungal burden in vegetations and disseminated infection were assessed.
    • Treatment groups received amphotericin B, 5-flucytosine, or a combination.

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    Main Results:

    • Large vegetations formed on aortic valves, leading to high mortality.
    • Aspergilli were clumped in vegetations and blood, explaining low CFU counts.
    • Antifungal treatment significantly reduced colony-forming units per gram of vegetation.

    Conclusions:

    • Rabbit model successfully replicates key features of Aspergillus endocarditis.
    • Antifungal therapy shows promise in reducing fungal load in established endocarditis.
    • Fungal clumping in blood and vegetations impacts diagnostic sensitivity and treatment efficacy.