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Avoiding problems: evidence-based selection of medical gloves.

R W Russell-Fell

    British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
    |October 18, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Allergic reactions to rubber.

    British dental journalยท1992
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    Increased allergic reactions to medical gloves since 1980 are linked to disposable latex gloves. Powder-free chlorinated gloves and alternatives like nitrile offer reduced risks for patients and healthcare workers.

    Area of Science:

    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Materials Science
    • Occupational Health

    Background:

    • Allergic contact dermatitis from medical gloves has risen since 1980.
    • The shift from reusable to disposable latex gloves is a suspected cause.
    • Specific protein fractions in latex can trigger allergic reactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the causes of increased allergic reactions to medical gloves.
    • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of different glove materials.
    • To provide guidance on selecting appropriate medical gloves.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of circumstantial and technical evidence linking glove types to reactions.
    • Analysis of protein content in various glove materials.
    • Evaluation of comparative studies on vinyl versus latex gloves.

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  • Review of properties of nitrile and other alternative medical gloves.
  • Main Results:

    • Disposable latex gloves are implicated in increased allergic reactions.
    • Even low-protein latex gloves can cause reactions if dominant allergenic fractions are present.
    • Chlorinated powder-free gloves significantly reduce allergic risks.
    • Some comparative studies on vinyl gloves may be flawed, discouraging alternatives.
    • Nitrile gloves provide superior protection against lipid-soluble substances and chemicals compared to latex.

    Conclusions:

    • The choice of medical glove material significantly impacts patient and healthcare worker safety.
    • Powder-free chlorinated gloves and nitrile gloves are safer alternatives to traditional latex gloves.
    • Further research and standardized testing are needed for medical glove evaluations.