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Classification of aster yellows-group phytoplasmas based on combined analyses of rRNA and tuf gene sequences

C Marcone, I M Lee, R E Davis

    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
    |October 18, 2000
    PubMed

    Insights

    Phytoplasma classification was advanced by analyzing ribosomal DNA and tuf gene sequences. This study identified three new aster yellows phytoplasma subgroups, enhancing their taxonomic distinction.

    Area of Science:

    • Phytopathology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Bacteriology

    Background:

    • Phytoplasmas are plant-pathogenic bacteria lacking cell walls.
    • Aster Yellows (AY) phytoplasmas are significant plant pathogens.
    • Accurate phytoplasma classification is crucial for disease management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To classify seventy aster yellows (AY) phytoplasma isolates.
    • To delineate new subgroups within the AY phytoplasma group.
    • To evaluate the utility of rDNA and tuf gene analyses for phytoplasma differentiation.

    Main Methods:

    • Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of PCR-amplified ribosomal DNA (rDNA).
    • RFLP and sequence analysis of the tuf gene.
    • Sequence analysis of 1800 bp rDNA fragment (16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rDNA spacer region).

    Main Results:

    • Seven known 16S rDNA subgroups (16SrI-A to -F, -K) were identified.
    • Three new AY phytoplasma subgroups (16SrI-L, -M, -N) were discovered based on rDNA profiles.
    • rDNA sequence analysis, particularly the 1800 bp fragment, proved effective for AY phytoplasma differentiation.
    • Tuf gene analysis generally supported rDNA-based subgrouping, with some exceptions noted for subgroups 16SrI-D, -L, and -M.

    Conclusions:

    • Combined rDNA and tuf gene analyses, along with pathological data, support the substantial taxonomic distinction of AY phytoplasma subgroups.
    • The study refines the classification of aster yellows phytoplasmas.
    • New subgroups identified contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of AY phytoplasma diversity.

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