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Memory development and event-related brain potentials in children.

Y M Cycowicz1

  • 1Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 6, New York, NY 10032, USA. yc60@columbia.edu

Biological Psychology
|October 18, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Childhood memory development shows progression in brain structures, assessed via event-related brain potentials (ERP) and behavior. Brain imaging offers unique insights into developing memory systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Memory function undergoes significant maturation throughout childhood and adolescence.
  • Brain structures supporting various memory types develop across the first two decades of life.
  • The developmental trajectories of implicit and explicit memory are not fully elucidated but are implied by regional brain maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on memory maturation in children using event-related brain potentials (ERP) and behavioral measures.
  • To highlight the utility of brain imaging techniques in studying developing memory systems.
  • To explore how ERP findings inform our understanding of memory retrieval deficits in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on childhood memory development.

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  • Analysis of studies employing event-related brain potentials (ERP).
  • Examination of behavioral assessments of memory function.

    • Main Results:

    • Brain structures crucial for memory mature progressively during childhood and adolescence.
    • ERP studies reveal insights into episodic retrieval and source memory in children.
    • Failure to elicit the ERP 'old/new' effect suggests underdeveloped long-term representations.
    • Absence of frontal scalp activity in ERPs correlates with impaired source memory retrieval.

    Conclusions:

    • Memory systems mature significantly during childhood, with varying rates for different memory types.
    • Brain imaging techniques like ERP provide valuable, otherwise unobtainable, data on memory development.
    • Further research using neuroimaging is essential to detail mnemonic processing during development.