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Related Experiment Videos

Postural invariance in three-dimensional reaching and grasping movements.

H Gréa1, M Desmurget, C Prablanc

  • 1INSERM U534, Espace et Action, Bron, France. prablanc@lyon151.inserm.fr

Experimental Brain Research
|October 19, 2000
PubMed
Summary

The central nervous system plans final arm posture in advance during reaching and grasping. Even when the target jumps, the arm reaches a predictable posture, indicating pre-programmed movement control.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • The planning of arm posture during prehension movements is a debated topic in motor control.
  • Understanding how the central nervous system (CNS) controls redundant degrees of freedom in the arm is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the final arm posture during reaching and grasping is pre-determined.
  • To examine the CNS's ability to adapt and maintain planned posture in response to unexpected perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • A psychophysical experiment involving human subjects reaching and grasping a spherical object.
  • Introduction of sudden, unpredictable target jumps at movement onset in perturbed trials.
  • Comparison of final arm postures between stationary and perturbed trials.

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Main Results:

  • Final arm posture was highly predictable for a given target location, regardless of perturbations.
  • Minimal variability in final arm posture was observed, despite joint redundancy.
  • Motor responses were rapidly adjusted to ensure accurate grasping even after target jumps.

Conclusions:

  • Data strongly support the hypothesis that final arm posture is planned in advance by the CNS.
  • The pre-planned posture serves as a control variable, guiding the movement.
  • Findings challenge explanations based solely on biomechanical or functional constraints.