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Segmental manifestation of peripheral atherosclerosis and its association to risk factors
K Kröger1, C Buss, K Renzing-Köhler
1Department of Angiology, University of Essen, Germany.
Insights
Peripheral artery atherosclerosis shows age-dependent differences in prevalence between aortoiliac and femoropopliteal segments. However, specific risk factors were not associated with these age-related variations in peripheral arterial disease.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research
- Atherosclerosis Studies
Background:
- Peripheral arterial atherosclerosis affects aortoiliac, femoropopliteal, and crural segments.
- Understanding segmental sensitivity to risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Previous studies have explored risk factors but lacked detailed segmental analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate potential differences in sensitivity to risk factors among specific peripheral artery segments.
- To analyze the correlation between various risk factors and the location of atherosclerotic occlusions or stenosis.
- To determine if aortoiliac, femoropopliteal, or crural segments exhibit distinct responses to risk profiles.
Main Methods:
- Statistical analysis of segmental peripheral atherosclerosis in 132 patients with peripheral arterial occlusions.
- Angiographic documentation of occluded or stenosed arterial segments (aortoiliac, femoropopliteal, crural).
- Evaluation of numerous risk factors including lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and lifestyle factors like nicotine abuse.
Main Results:
- Age showed the strongest correlation with isolated segmental manifestation (p < 0.0001).
- Patients with isolated aortoiliac disease were younger (54 +/- 9 years) than controls (62 +/- 13 years).
- Patients with isolated femoropopliteal disease were older (66 +/- 11 years) than controls (58 +/- 13 years).
- No investigated risk factors correlated with these age-related differences; nicotine abuse showed a trend (p=0.08) with diffuse disease in smokers.
Conclusions:
- Age-dependent prevalence differences exist for isolated aortoiliac and femoropopliteal atherosclerotic occlusions/stenosis.
- No specific risk profile was found to be associated with these age-related prevalence differences.
- Further research may be needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of age-related segmental variations in peripheral atherosclerosis.
Background:
To prove whether the aortoiliac, femoropopliteal or crural segments of the peripheral arteries might have a different sensitivity to a risk profile we did a statistical analysis of segmental peripheral atherosclerosis and risk factors.
Patients And Methods:
In 132 patients (mean age 61 +/- 13 years) with peripheral arterial occlusions the arterial segments with occlusion or stenosis were angiographically documented: 17 had occluded or stenosed aortoiliac, 45 femoropopliteal and 25 crural arteries and 45 patients had multiple manifestations. Analysis of total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein a, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HBA1, IgG- and IgM-antibodies versus Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex-virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori were done and nicotine abuse, arterial hypertension and obesity were evaluated.
Results:
Age of the patients had the strongest correlation with isolated segmental manifestation (p < 0.0001). Patients with isolated aortoiliac manifestation were younger than patients without this manifestation (54 +/- 9 years versus 62 +/- 13 years). Patients with isolated femoropopliteal manifestation were older than patients without this manifestation (66 +/- 11 years versus 58 +/- 13 years). None of the investigated risk factors showed a correlation with these age related differences. Independent from the age related differences for the nicotine abuse a p-value of 0.08 was estimated, but in smokers a diffuse manifestation was most frequent.
Conclusion:
There are age dependent differences of the prevalence of isolated aortoiliac or femoropopliteal atherosclerotic occlusions or stenosis. An association of these differences to a specific risk profile was not found.