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Immunoglobulin D multiple myeloma.

T L Lin1, L Y Shih, P Dunn

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Chang Gung Medical Journal
|October 20, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Immunoglobulin D (IgD) multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare and aggressive cancer. This study details its features in Taiwan, revealing poor survival rates and common complications like kidney impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immunoglobulin D (IgD) multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare subtype, representing less than 2% of MM cases in Western countries.
  • The clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of IgD MM in Taiwan have not been previously reported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and clinicopathologic features of IgD multiple myeloma in Taiwan.
  • To analyze the treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with IgD MM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes for 16 patients with IgD MM diagnosed between 1982 and 1998.
  • Analysis included patient demographics, presenting symptoms, laboratory findings, disease staging, and survival data.

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Main Results:

  • The study identified 16 patients with IgD MM, predominantly male (11/16), with a median age of 59.
  • Common symptoms included bone pain, gastrointestinal discomfort, malaise, and weight loss. High rates of cytopenia (88%), renal impairment (75%), and hypercalcemia (63%) were observed.
  • Median survival was 12 months, with infection being the leading cause of death (50%). IgD MM demonstrated aggressive clinical features and a high incidence of lambda light chains.

Conclusions:

  • IgD multiple myeloma exhibits aggressive clinical behavior, predominantly affecting males.
  • High rates of renal impairment and M-protein undetectable by standard electrophoresis are characteristic.
  • The disease is associated with a predilection for lambda light chains and a significantly short survival period.