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Lung function in textile workers.

E Zuskin, F Valić, D Butković

British Journal of Industrial Medicine

|November 1, 1975

Summary

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Textile workers exposed to hemp, flax, and cotton dust experienced significant acute reductions in maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% vital capacity (MEF50%). These changes indicate MEF50% is a sensitive indicator of acute ventilatory impairment from dust exposure.

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Pulmonary Medicine
Environmental Health

Background:

Textile workers are routinely exposed to airborne dusts from natural fibers like hemp, flax, and cotton.
Exposure to these dusts can potentially lead to acute changes in respiratory function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate acute changes in ventilatory function in textile workers exposed to hemp, flax, and cotton dust.
To determine the sensitivity of different pulmonary function tests in detecting these acute changes.

Main Methods:

Acute changes in ventilatory function were measured during a workshift in 61 textile workers exposed to carding machine dust.
Pulmonary function tests including maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% vital capacity (MEF50%) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were assessed.

Related Experiment Videos

Single-breath diffusing capacity (DLCOSB) and plethysmography were also utilized.

Main Results:

Significant acute reductions were observed in MEF50% (38-22%), while reductions in FEV1 (17-9%) were smaller.
Residual volume (RV) increased significantly, but total lung capacity (TLC) showed minimal change.
MEF50% proved more sensitive than FEV1 in detecting acute ventilatory changes induced by dust exposure.

Conclusions:

Acute exposure to hemp, flax, and cotton dust causes significant airway constriction, particularly affecting MEF50%.
MEF50% is a more sensitive marker than FEV1 for detecting acute ventilatory impairment in textile dust-exposed workers.
TLC remains relatively stable during acute dust-induced airway constriction.