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Psychological consequences of predictive genetic testing: a systematic review.
M Broadstock1, S Michie, T Marteau
1Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK.
European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG
|October 20, 2000
Summary
Predictive genetic testing generally has no adverse psychological effects. While distress often decreases post-testing, pre-test emotional state is a key predictor of later distress.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Genetics
- Medical Research
Background:
- Predictive genetic testing offers insights into inherited disease risks.
- Understanding the psychological impact of these tests is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the psychological consequences of predictive genetic testing.
- To identify factors influencing distress levels in individuals undergoing genetic testing.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of 15 studies from 5 databases.
- Inclusion of studies with standardized outcome measures and statistical group comparisons.
- Analysis of predictive genetic testing for conditions like Huntington's disease and hereditary cancers.
Main Results:
- No studies reported increased distress (anxiety, depression) post-testing.
- Both carriers and non-carriers experienced decreased distress, more rapidly in non-carriers.
- Pre-test emotional state was a significant predictor of post-test distress.
Conclusions:
- Predictive genetic testing does not appear to cause adverse psychological outcomes.
- Pre-test emotional assessment is recommended for targeted post-test counseling.
- Further research is needed on the impact of counseling and long-term psychological effects.