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Oxidative stress, vitamin E and progestin breakthrough bleeding.

S B Subakir¹, O Abdul Madjid, S Sabariah

¹Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. faalui@makara.cso.ui.ac.id

Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)

|October 21, 2000

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Progestin-only contraceptives like Norplant and DMPA may cause endometrial bleeding by increasing lipid peroxide and decreasing vitamin E. Vitamin E supplementation could counteract these effects.

Area of Science:

Reproductive Endocrinology
Contraception Research
Oxidative Stress Biology

Background:

Endometrial bleeding is a primary reason for discontinuing progestin-only contraceptives.
Progestin-only contraceptives may disrupt endometrial angiogenic response.
Oxidant-antioxidant imbalance is a potential cause for these disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of progestin-only contraceptives on blood lipid peroxide and vitamin E levels.
To examine the impact of vitamin E supplementation on endometrial angiogenic response in vitro.
To compare endometrial angiogenic response in Norplant users, DMPA users, and controls.

Main Methods:

Blood samples analyzed for lipid peroxide and vitamin E concentrations.

Related Experiment Videos

Endometrial angiogenic response assessed using an endothelial cell migration assay.

Study included Norplant users, depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) users, and control groups.

Main Results:

Norplant users with bleeding issues had higher lipid peroxide levels than controls (P < 0.05).
Vitamin E supplementation in vitro enhanced endometrial angiogenic score.
Norplant and DMPA use for 3 months increased lipid peroxide and decreased vitamin E (P < 0.05).
Endometrial angiogenic scores were significantly lower in Norplant and DMPA users versus controls (P < 0.02).

Conclusions:

Progestin-only contraceptives may lead to endometrial cell damage and reduced angiogenic response due to increased lipid peroxide and decreased vitamin E.
Vitamin E supplementation shows potential to mitigate these adverse effects of progestin-only contraceptives.