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Related Experiment Videos

Hormone profiles in hormone-dependent cancers.

B Zumoff, J Fishman, H L Bradlow

    Cancer Research
    |November 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This review questions the link between low androgen excretion and breast cancer risk. A new hypothesis suggests reduced estrogen availability before age 30 may protect against breast cancer.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Urinary excretion of androgen metabolites and estrogens is studied in relation to breast cancer.
    • Distinguishing between within-population and between-population studies is crucial for valid conclusions.
    • Previous findings on low androgen metabolite excretion and breast cancer risk are questioned.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review studies on urinary hormone excretion and breast cancer natural history.
    • To critically evaluate the estriol hypothesis regarding breast cancer protection.
    • To propose a new hypothesis on estrogen availability and breast cancer risk.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing epidemiological and biochemical studies on hormones and breast cancer.
    • Analysis of the validity of established hypotheses based on study design.

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  • Presentation and evaluation of a novel hypothesis regarding estrogen exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • The relationship between low urinary androgen metabolite excretion and increased breast cancer risk is deemed dubious.
    • The estriol hypothesis, suggesting early-life high estriol ratios are protective, is also questioned.
    • A new hypothesis posits that diminished biological availability of active estrogens before age 30 may protect against breast cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Existing evidence linking low androgen metabolite excretion to breast cancer risk is weak.
    • The protective role of high early-life estriol to estrone-plus-estradiol ratios is uncertain.
    • Reduced active estrogen availability prior to age 30 is proposed as a protective factor against breast cancer, supported by current data.