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Genotoxic and mono-oxygenase system effects of the fungicide maneb
S Bertini1, R Del Carratore, M Giorgi
1Istituto di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Parma, Italy.
Abstract:
The in vivo effects of a commercial preparation of maneb on mono-oxygenase activities of hepatic microsomes of basal and induced rats were examined. In vitro experiments with the D7 strain of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also performed. In both basal and induced rats maneb caused a decrease in cytochrome P-450 content and aniline hydroxylase. Immunoblotting analysis using anti-P-450 IIE1 antibodies confirmed the data obtained for aniline hydroxylase activity. Maneb was toxic in cells of S. cerevisiae. On the basis of in vivo and in vitro experiments it can be concluded that maneb possesses a toxic activity attributable to its main metabolite ethylene thiourea. Immunoblotting analysis indicates that maneb biotransformation influences the IIEI P-450 isoform.
Insights
Maneb fungicide exposure decreased key liver enzymes, including cytochrome P-450, in rats. This toxicity is linked to its metabolite, ethylene thiourea, affecting yeast and rat liver cells.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Biochemistry
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Maneb is a widely used fungicide.
- Understanding its toxicological effects on mammalian systems is crucial.
- Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is a known metabolite of maneb.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vivo effects of maneb on rat hepatic mono-oxygenase activities.
- To assess the in vitro toxicity of maneb in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- To determine the role of ethylene thiourea in maneb's toxicity.
Main Methods:
- In vivo studies using basal and induced rats.
- In vitro experiments with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Measurement of cytochrome P-450 content and aniline hydroxylase activity.
- Immunoblotting analysis using anti-P-450 IIE1 antibodies.
Main Results:
- Maneb decreased cytochrome P-450 content and aniline hydroxylase activity in both basal and induced rats.
- Maneb exhibited toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.
- Immunoblotting confirmed the reduction in aniline hydroxylase activity and indicated influence on the P-450 IIE1 isoform.
Conclusions:
- Maneb possesses toxic activity primarily due to its metabolite, ethylene thiourea.
- Maneb biotransformation impacts the P-450 IIE1 isoform in rat liver microsomes.
- The study highlights the biochemical and cellular toxicity of maneb.