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Intergroup emotions: explaining offensive action tendencies in an intergroup context.

D M Mackie1, T Devos, E R Smith

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106-9660, USA. mackie@psych.ucsb.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|October 25, 2000
PubMed
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When social identity is strong, perceived in-group support fuels anger toward out-groups, driving aggressive action tendencies. This research explores intergroup emotions and offensive behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Intergroup Relations
  • Emotion Science

Background:

  • Social identity theory posits that group memberships influence perceptions and behaviors.
  • Group-based appraisals, particularly concerning collective support, can shape intergroup emotions and actions.
  • Understanding the distinctiveness of emotions like anger, fear, and contempt is crucial for intergroup dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether salient social identities lead to specific emotions and action tendencies toward out-groups.
  • To examine the role of perceived in-group strength and collective support in eliciting these responses.
  • To differentiate between various emotions (anger, fear, contempt) and action tendencies (moving against vs. away).

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted where participants' group memberships were activated.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Perceived collective support of the in-group was measured or manipulated.
  • Emotions (anger, fear, contempt) and action tendencies (moving against/away from out-group) were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Intergroup anger was found to be distinct from intergroup fear, and acting against the out-group differed from moving away.
    • Perceived in-group strength positively correlated with anger toward the out-group and the desire for offensive action.
    • Anger mediated the relationship between perceived in-group strength and offensive action tendencies.

    Conclusions:

    • Salient social identities, coupled with perceptions of strong in-group support, can predict anger and offensive action tendencies toward out-groups.
    • Anger appears to be a key mediator in the pathway from perceived in-group strength to aggressive intergroup behavior.
    • The findings highlight the importance of group-based appraisals in shaping intergroup emotional and behavioral responses.