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Hemodynamic changes in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice.

C J Hartley1, A K Reddy, S Madala

  • 1Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77030, Texas, USA. chartley@bcm.tmc.edu

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|October 25, 2000
PubMed
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Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice exhibit altered cardiovascular hemodynamics, including increased cardiac outflow velocities and pulse-wave velocity, despite comparable heart rates and blood pressures to wild-type mice. These findings reveal significant physiological changes in this atherosclerosis model.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Animal Models of Atherosclerosis

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-KO) mice are a well-established model for advanced atherosclerosis, characterized pathologically.
  • Limited data exists on the cardiovascular physiology and hemodynamics of ApoE-KO mice, particularly concerning blood flow dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and characterize the cardiovascular physiology and hemodynamics in 13-month-old ApoE-KO mice.
  • To compare hemodynamic parameters between ApoE-KO mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) controls.

Main Methods:

  • Noninvasive Doppler ultrasound was employed to measure aortic and mitral blood velocities and aortic pulse-wave velocity.
  • Systolic blood pressure, body weight, heart weight, cholesterol, and hematocrit were also measured.
  • Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane for measurements.

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Main Results:

  • ApoE-KO mice showed significant decreases in body weight (-22%) and hematocrit (-11%) compared to WT mice.
  • Significant increases were observed in heart weight (+23%), aortic velocity (+60%), mitral velocity (+81%), and pulse-wave velocity (+13%).
  • Aortic arch velocity signals indicated enhanced peripheral wave reflection in ApoE-KO mice.

Conclusions:

  • ApoE-KO mice display distinct phenotypic alterations in peripheral vascular resistance and compliance.
  • Elevated cardiac outflow velocities and increased heart weight-to-body weight ratios are characteristic of this model.
  • These hemodynamic changes contribute to understanding the physiological impact of atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice.