Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2026
![Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F51444.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
11:44
Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
Published on: March 20, 2014
Competitive reactions among three monomers over a catalytic surface
1Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
Summary
This study models monomer reactions on lattices, finding a first-order phase transition between active and poisoned states in 2D systems using approximation methods.
Area of Science:
- Chemical kinetics
- Statistical mechanics
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Understanding monomer reaction dynamics is crucial for materials science and chemical processes.
- Lattice models provide simplified frameworks to study complex reaction systems.
- Investigating monomer interactions with varying reactivities and forbidden reactions offers insights into emergent behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate a three-monomer reaction model on one- and two-dimensional lattices.
- To analyze the impact of differential monomer reactivity and forbidden reactions.
- To determine the stationary states and phase diagram of the reaction model.
Main Methods:
- Developed a three-monomer reaction model.
- Applied mean field and pair approximations to decouple equations of motion.
- Analyzed densities of single monomers and pairs.
- Calculated stationary states and phase diagrams.
Main Results:
- The model exhibits distinct stationary states.
- A phase diagram was successfully mapped for the monomer reaction system.
- A first-order transition line between active and poisoned steady states was identified in 2D lattices under the pair approximation.
Conclusions:
- The employed approximations successfully described the monomer reaction dynamics.
- The identified phase transition highlights critical behavior in the 2D reaction model.
- This work provides a foundation for understanding complex reaction-diffusion systems on lattices.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:50Catalysis
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
02:34Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
00:57Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
01:13Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
01:27Catalysis
Catalysis influences the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. A catalyst speeds up a reaction, but it is not consumed during the process. The fundamental principle of catalysis is the ability of a catalyst to alter the reaction mechanism, often introducing a more efficient pathway than the uncatalyzed process.In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst participates directly in the reaction mechanism. It interacts with reactants to form...
01:22Heterogeneous Catalysis
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...