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[BCG dissemination in a child with normal immunity].

M Raos, S Dodig, S B Klancir

    Lijecnicki Vjesnik
    |October 26, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary

    A young girl experienced disseminated BCG infection and lymphadenitis. Successful treatment with antituberculous therapy resolved Mycobacterium bovis infection and healed lesions, indicating effectiveness for tuberculoid BCG dissemination.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection is a rare but serious complication, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
    • BCG lymphadenitis, an inflammation of lymph nodes caused by BCG, can also lead to systemic spread.

    Observation:

    • A 14-month-old girl presented with disseminated BCG infection and BCG lymphadenitis.
    • Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain was isolated from an axillary fistula and gastric contents.
    • Pathohistological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation in lymph nodes and bronchial mucus.

    Findings:

    • Humoral and cellular immunity tests were within normal ranges, suggesting intact immune function despite disseminated infection.
    • Antituberculous therapy was effective in eradicating Mycobacterium bovis from gastric contents.

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  • The therapy also successfully healed the axillary wound.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the successful treatment of disseminated BCG infection with a tuberculoid form using standard antituberculous therapy.
    • It underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment even in cases with seemingly normal immune parameters.
    • The findings suggest that antituberculous therapy can be highly effective for managing complex BCG-related complications.