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Volumetric flow in the umbilical artery: normative data.

J W Goldkrand1, D H Moore, S U Lentz

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31403-3089, USA.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
|October 26, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This study provides the first normative data for umbilical artery volumetric blood flow from 18-40 weeks gestation. Umbilical artery blood flow increases with pregnancy, while flow per kilogram decreases as fetal weight rises.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of fetal well-being is crucial in obstetrics.
  • Umbilical artery blood flow is a key indicator of placental function and fetal development.
  • Establishing normative data is essential for identifying abnormal flow patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative data for volumetric blood flow in the umbilical artery.
  • To present flow rates in cc/min and cc/min/kg throughout gestation (18-40 weeks).
  • To correlate blood flow with fetal biometry and velocimetric indices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pulsed Doppler and color flow Doppler to measure umbilical artery flow in 252 normal pregnancies.
  • Measurements were taken between 18-40 weeks gestation with an angle of insonation of 30-60 degrees.

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  • Simultaneous velocimetry studies, fetal biometry, and anatomic surveys were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a consistent increase in umbilical artery volumetric blood flow (cc/min) as pregnancy progressed.
    • Observed a steady decline in flow per kilogram (cc/min/kg) with increasing fetal weight.
    • Umbilical artery diameter showed an increase, plateauing around 32-34 weeks gestation.

    Conclusions:

    • Volumetric blood flow in the umbilical artery can be reliably measured using Doppler ultrasound.
    • Normative data for umbilical artery blood flow from 18-40 weeks gestation are presented.
    • This data provides a valuable reference for assessing fetal health and placental function.