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Peripheral actions of tachykinins
A Lecci1, S Giuliani, M Tramontana
1Pharmacology Department, Menarini Ricerche, Florence, Italy. fbenincasa@menarini-ricerche.it
Neuropeptides
|October 26, 2000
Summary
Tachykinins, through NK1 and NK2 receptors, influence gut, lung, and urinary functions. Blocking these receptors with antagonists may treat conditions like IBS, asthma, and overactive bladder.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Physiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Tachykinins are key mediators of physiological processes in the gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and genito-urinary systems.
- They primarily act via NK1 and NK2 receptors, influencing smooth muscle, immune cells, and neuronal activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the physiological roles of endogenous tachykinins and their receptors.
- To investigate the potential therapeutic applications of tachykinin receptor antagonists.
Main Methods:
- Utilized preclinical evidence from selective tachykinin receptor antagonists.
- Examined the mechanisms of tachykinin-induced neuronal stimulation.
Main Results:
- Endogenous tachykinins modulate smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, immune cell function, and fluid balance.
- Tachykinins contribute to visceral inflammation, hyperreflexia, and hyperalgesia.
- Mechanisms involve direct neuronal excitation and mediator release, sensitizing sensory nerves.
Conclusions:
- Tachykinin receptor antagonists show promise for treating irritable bowel syndrome, asthma, and hyperactive bladder.
- Targeting tachykinin pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for various human diseases.