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What is normal black African hair? A light and scanning electron-microscopic study
N P Khumalo1, P T Doe, R P Dawber
1Department of Dermatology, The Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|October 26, 2000
Summary
Black African hair naturally forms a dense mat due to its coiled structure, leading to more knots and breakage during combing compared to other hair types. This study clarifies the physical properties influencing hair care for this group.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Hair Science
- Anthropology
Background:
- Normal black African hair forms a dense mat of interwoven shafts.
- The structural impact and grooming response of this hair type remain underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hair shaft structure of black Africans using microscopy.
- To assess the effects of combing on this hair type.
Main Methods:
- Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed.
- Hair samples were collected from black African, Caucasian, and Asian volunteers.
- Participants avoided chemical treatments, with hair uncut for at least one year.
Main Results:
- African hair shafts exhibit a tightly coiled, spring-like structure.
- A higher incidence of knots (10-16%) and apparent breakage was observed in African hair.
- SEM revealed features consistent with repeated shaft breaks, and in-situ examination showed shaft interlocking.
Conclusions:
- The study elucidates the unique physical characteristics of black African hair.
- Findings provide insight into the effects of combing on this hair type.