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Related Experiment Videos

Compressibility effects on steady streaming from a noncompact rigid sphere.

A Gopinath1, E H Trinh

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. gopinath@nps.navy.mil

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|October 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Steady streaming around spheres in acoustic fields is complex. Fluid compressibility and sphere properties significantly influence streaming behavior, especially at high frequencies.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Acoustics
  • Acoustofluidics

Background:

  • Steady streaming is a phenomenon occurring around objects in oscillating fluid flows.
  • Existing models often assume compact spheres and neglect fluid compressibility.
  • Understanding streaming is crucial for applications involving acoustic manipulation of particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize existing results for steady streaming around a rigid sphere in a plane standing acoustic field.
  • To incorporate the effects of fluid compressibility and non-compactness of the sphere.
  • To analyze the influence of sphere position and fluid properties on streaming behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of fluid flow around a rigid sphere in an acoustic field.

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  • Inclusion of compressibility effects through fluid properties like Prandtl number and ratio of specific heats.
  • Visualization of flow streamlines to demonstrate streaming patterns in low Reynolds number regimes.

    • Main Results:

    • The steady slip velocity at the boundary layer exhibits complex variations dependent on sphere position, compactness, and fluid compressibility.
    • Compressibility effects are significant in gases but negligible in liquids.
    • High-frequency acoustic fields lead to the strongest streaming effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a generalized framework for understanding steady streaming around spheres, accounting for compressibility.
    • Sphere position and compactness are critical factors in determining streaming patterns.
    • The findings are relevant for designing acoustic devices and understanding microfluidic transport phenomena.