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Intestinal amoebiasis: delayed-type hypersensitivity response in mice.

P K Ghosh1, S Gupta, L Ortiz-Ortiz

  • 1Department of Immunology, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F.

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition
|November 1, 2000
PubMed
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Mice infected with Entamoeba histolytica showed a delayed-type hypersensitive (DTH) response, particularly evident 25 days post-infection. This cellular immune response was specific to the amoeba antigen, indicating no general immune suppression.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal parasite causing amoebiasis.
  • Understanding the host's immune response, specifically delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), is crucial for evaluating infection dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development and kinetics of the DTH response in C3H/HeJ mice infected with Entamoeba histolytica.
  • To determine if the observed DTH response is antigen-specific.

Main Methods:

  • C3H/HeJ mice were intestinally infected with Entamoeba histolytica.
  • Infected and control mice were challenged with amoebic antigen at various time points post-infection (days 5-60).
  • Footpad swelling was measured 24 hours post-challenge to assess DTH response.

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Main Results:

  • Infected mice demonstrated a DTH response on days 5, 15, 20, 25, 40, and 60 post-infection.
  • A clear DTH response emerged later in the infection course, around 25 days.
  • No alteration in DTH response to a heterologous antigen (sheep red blood cells) was observed, suggesting antigen-specific immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal Entamoeba histolytica infection induces a delayed-type hypersensitive immune response in mice.
  • The DTH response is antigen-specific, indicating that the parasite does not induce broad cellular anergy.
  • The findings contribute to understanding the host-parasite immune interactions in amoebiasis.