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pH and carbonate levels in developing enamel
T Takagi1, T Ogasawara, J Tagami
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
Connective Tissue Research
|November 4, 2000
Summary
Developing enamel pH zones correlate with proteolytic activity and crystal growth. Changes in pH influence enamel maturation by affecting protein decomposition and carbonate levels.
Area of Science:
- Biomineralization
- Dental Enamel Chemistry
Background:
- Developing enamel exhibits dynamic pH changes along the tooth axis.
- These pH variations define distinct neutral (N1, N2) and acidic (A1, A2) zones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To correlate pH variations with proteolytic activity and crystal size in developing bovine enamel.
- Investigate the chemical changes during enamel maturation.
Main Methods:
- Enamel maturation stages identified using pH staining.
- Crystal chemistry analyzed via thermogravimetry (TGA), ICP emission spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (IR).
- Proteolytic enzyme activity assessed at different pH levels.
Main Results:
- Optimal protease activity observed at pH 6.0, aligning with the A1 zone.
- Organic enamel components decompose around 580°C.
- Higher carbonate levels found in secretory stages; Ca/P molar ratio below stoichiometric 1.67.
Conclusions:
- Enamel apatite crystal growth and maturation are linked to reduced carbonate levels.
- Alternative calcification and protein decomposition processes appear crucial for enamel development.
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