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Gene-diet interactions in obesity.

L Pérusse1, C Bouchard

  • 1Division of Kinesiology, the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, the Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Canada. louis.perusse@kin.msp.ulaval.ca

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|November 4, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors influence how individuals respond to diet, impacting obesity risk and related conditions. Understanding gene-diet interactions is crucial for personalized nutrition and obesity prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Genetic factors significantly contribute to obesity etiology.
  • Limited knowledge exists on gene responses to energy balance and diet composition, particularly dietary fat.
  • Dietary fat is a known population-level factor associated with obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on gene-nutrient interactions in human obesity.
  • To explore the role of genetic factors in susceptibility to fat gain/loss and obesity comorbidities in response to diet.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic epidemiology studies.
  • Review of molecular epidemiology studies.
  • Consideration of evidence from animal models of diet-induced obesity.

Main Results:

  • Genetic factors influence susceptibility to diet-induced fat gain or loss.
  • Genetic factors play a role in obesity-related comorbidities.
  • Quantitative trait loci from animal models may impact human body fat.
  • Evidence for gene-diet interactions in obesity is convincing despite limited studies.

Conclusions:

  • Gene-diet interactions are critical in human obesity.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific genes involved.
  • Animal models offer a promising approach for studying these interactions.
  • Investigating gene-diet interactions in children is essential for understanding long-term effects.

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