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Behavior of Escherichia coli K antigens K88ab, K88ac, and K88ad in immunoelectrophoresis, double diffusion, and

P A Guinée, W H Jansen

    Infection and Immunity
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new variant of the K88 antigen, K88ad, found in porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, is proposed for the international E. coli typing scheme. This antigen exhibits specific properties in immunoelectrophoresis and can be detected using a novel erythrocyte attachment method.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Bacteriology

    Background:

    • Porcine enteropathogenic *Escherichia coli* strains harbor the K88 antigen, crucial for virulence.
    • A novel variant, K88ad, has been identified in these strains.
    • Current *E. coli* typing schemes may not fully encompass this new variant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose the inclusion of the K88ad antigen into the international *E. coli* typing scheme.
    • To characterize the K88ad antigen using immunoelectrophoretic methods.
    • To develop an improved method for detecting K88+ *E. coli* transconjugants.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion assays were performed on ultrasonic extracts of *E. coli* strains and transconjugants.
    • Antigen mobility was assessed using agarose and Noble agar gels at different temperatures (18°C and 37°C).
    • A detection procedure utilizing the mannose-resistant attachment of K88+ cells to guinea pig erythrocytes was developed.

    Main Results:

    • K88ab, K88ac, and K88ad antigens showed specific precipitation lines at 37°C but not at 18°C.
    • Immunoelectrophoresis revealed differential mobility of K88 antigens depending on the gel type (agarose vs. Noble agar) and growth temperature.
    • The K88ad antigen exhibited unique mobility characteristics in Noble agar gels.
    • A novel method based on erythrocyte attachment significantly enhanced the detection of K88+ transconjugants.

    Conclusions:

    • The K88ad antigen represents a significant variant of the K88 antigen in porcine enteropathogenic *E. coli*.
    • The proposed inclusion of K88ad into the international typing scheme is supported by its distinct characteristics.
    • Differences in immunoelectrophoretic mobility are attributed to electro-endosmotic flow in different gel matrices.
    • The erythrocyte attachment assay offers a sensitive and specific method for detecting K88+ *E. coli*.