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Specificity of internal representations underlying grasping.

I Salimi1, I Hollender, W Frazier

  • 1Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York 10027, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|November 9, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Humans learn to adjust grip forces based on an object's center of mass (CM). This anticipatory control is specific to the hand used, suggesting multiple internal representations for grasping.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Anticipatory control of grip force is crucial for stable object manipulation.
  • The role of the object's center of mass (CM) in scaling fingertip forces is not fully understood.
  • Investigating the specificity of internal representations for anticipatory grasping is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine anticipatory control of fingertip forces during grasping based on the object's CM.
  • To determine if the internal representation for anticipatory control is effector-specific.
  • To explore the potential use of multiple internal representations in grasping.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects performed precision grip lifts with objects having shifted centers of mass (CM).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fingertip forces and object roll were measured during lifting tasks.
  • Effectors were switched (e.g., right hand to left hand) to test representation specificity.

    • Main Results:

    • Subjects rapidly learned to adjust fingertip forces, with higher force opposing the CM, preventing object roll.
    • After effector or object reorientation, subjects failed to adapt forces, leading to significant object roll.
    • Explicit knowledge of weight distribution did not override the learned, effector-specific anticipatory control.

    Conclusions:

    • Stable internal representations of object CM are formed quickly for anticipatory force scaling.
    • These representations are specific to the effectors (e.g., hands) used during learning.
    • Grasping likely involves multiple, effector-specific internal representations for anticipatory control.