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Inhalation developmental toxicity and reproduction studies with cyclohexane
K H Kreckmann1, J K Baldwin, L G Roberts
1The DuPont Company, Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, Newark, DE 19714, USA.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology
|November 9, 2000
Summary
Cyclohexane exposure in rats and rabbits showed no developmental toxicity. However, high concentrations (7000 ppm) caused parental effects in rats, establishing a reproductive no-observed-effect level (NOEL) of 2000 ppm.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Developmental Toxicology
Background:
- Cyclohexane is a widely used industrial solvent.
- Understanding its potential health effects is crucial for occupational safety.
- Previous studies have indicated potential risks, necessitating comprehensive assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the reproductive and developmental toxicity of cyclohexane.
- To determine the no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) for systemic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity.
- To assess the effects across different exposure durations and species.
Main Methods:
- Two-generation reproduction study in rats (Crl:CD BR).
- Developmental toxicity studies in rats (Crl:CD BR) and rabbits (Hra:(NZW)SPF).
- Whole-body exposure to atmospheric concentrations of 0, 500, 2000, or 7000 ppm cyclohexane.
Main Results:
- Parental effects in rats at 7000 ppm included reduced body weight and food efficiency.
- Reduced pup weight observed in rat offspring exposed to 7000 ppm cyclohexane.
- Transient neurological effects (diminished response to sound) in rats at 2000 ppm and above.
- No compound-related maternal or developmental toxicity in rabbits up to 7000 ppm.
- Systemic toxicity NOEL for rats: 500 ppm.
- Reproductive NOEL for rats: 2000 ppm.
- Maternal NOEL for rats: 500 ppm.
- Maternal NOEL for rabbits: 7000 ppm.
- Developmental NOEL for both species: 7000 ppm.
Conclusions:
- Cyclohexane does not exhibit developmental toxicity in rats or rabbits at tested concentrations.
- Reproductive toxicity in rats is observed at 7000 ppm, with a NOEL of 2000 ppm.
- Maternal toxicity in rats is observed at 2000 ppm and above, with a NOEL of 500 ppm.
- Rabbits show no adverse effects at the highest concentration tested (7000 ppm).