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Occupational risk factors for renal cell carcinoma in Montreal
M E Parent1, Y Hua, J Siemiatycki
1INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec, Canada. marie-elise.parent@inrs-iaf.uquebec.ca
Background:
Little is known about the role of workplace exposures on the risk of renal cell cancer.
Methods:
A population-based case-control study was undertaken in Montreal to assess the association between hundreds of occupational circumstances and several cancer sites, including the kidney. A total of 142 male patients with pathologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma, 1900 controls with cancer at other sites and 533 population-based controls were interviewed. Detailed job histories and relevant data on potential confounders were obtained. A group of chemists-hygienists evaluated each job reported and translated them into a history of occupational exposures using a checklist of 294 substances. Multivariate logistic regression models using either population, cancer controls, or a pool of both groups were used to estimate odds ratios.
Results:
There were some indications of excess risks among printers, nursery workers (gardening), aircraft mechanics, farmers, and horticulturists, as well as in the following industries: printing-related services, defense services, wholesale trade, and retail trade. Notwithstanding the low precision of many of the odds ratio estimates, the following workplace exposures showed some evidence of excess risk: chromium compounds, chromium (VI) compounds, inorganic acid solutions, styrene-butadiene rubber, ozone, hydrogen sulphide, ultraviolet radiation, hair dust, felt dust, jet fuel engine emissions, jet fuel, aviation gasoline, phosphoric acid and inks.
Conclusions:
For most of these associations there exist no, or very little, previous data. Some associations provide suggestive evidence for further studies.
Insights
This study investigated workplace exposures and renal cell cancer risk. Certain occupations and exposures, like chromium compounds and printing, showed potential links to increased kidney cancer risk.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Epidemiology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Limited understanding of workplace exposures and renal cell cancer (RCC) risk.
- Need for research into occupational factors contributing to kidney cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between various occupational circumstances and kidney cancer.
- To identify specific workplace exposures linked to renal cell carcinoma risk.
Main Methods:
- Population-based case-control study in Montreal.
- Interviewed 142 male RCC cases and 2433 controls.
- Evaluated job histories and occupational exposures using a checklist of 294 substances.
- Used multivariate logistic regression to estimate odds ratios.
Main Results:
- Potential excess risks observed in printers, nursery workers, aircraft mechanics, farmers, and horticulturists.
- Industries like printing-related services and defense services showed indications of risk.
- Specific exposures linked to excess risk include chromium compounds, styrene-butadiene rubber, ozone, and jet fuel emissions.
Conclusions:
- Most identified associations lack extensive prior data.
- Findings suggest potential links requiring further investigation.
- Highlights specific occupations and exposures for future research in kidney cancer etiology.