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Women and cardiovascular disease
J McFetridge1, J Hanley, D M Allen
1Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. Judy.mcfetridge@duke.edu
Insights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading killer, with women, particularly postmenopausal individuals, now at the highest risk. This article highlights key differences in CVD presentation, identification, and treatment between men and women.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Women's Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the United States.
- Traditional risk profiles often focused on middle-aged men.
- Emerging data indicate a shift in demographics, with women facing increased risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and delineate the differences in cardiovascular disease between men and women.
- To explore variations in disease presentation and diagnostic approaches.
- To examine disparities in treatment strategies for male and female patients.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of epidemiological data.
- Review of clinical presentation patterns in male and female patients.
- Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy across sexes.
Main Results:
- Cardiovascular disease presentation varies significantly between men and women.
- Postmenopausal women represent a high-risk demographic for cardiovascular disease.
- Differences observed in symptom manifestation, diagnostic timelines, and therapeutic responses.
Conclusions:
- The demographic landscape of cardiovascular disease is evolving, with women now at greater risk.
- Understanding sex-specific differences in cardiovascular disease is crucial for effective prevention and management.
- Tailored approaches to presentation, identification, and treatment are necessary for improving outcomes in both men and women.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the United States. The face of the person with cardiovascular disease is changing. No longer is the middle-aged man at highest risk. Current data reveal that women, especially postmenopausal women, are at highest risk for cardiovascular disease. This article identifies the differences noted between men and women with cardiovascular disease, including effects in presentation, identification, and treatment.